Controlled Environment Agriculture

Plant Growth & Research Rooms

Walk-in rooms designed around a specific research task, with programmable temperature, humidity, lighting and airflow, plus optional irrigation, CO2 and imaging systems.

Plant Growth & Research Rooms

Rooms designed for plant science

A plant growth or research room is an insulated walk-in facility that holds a defined climate for a large number of plants. Each type is set up for one job: germinating seed, raising seedlings, speeding up breeding cycles, simulating heat, frost or drought, rearing insects, culturing plant tissue, studying pathogens, vernalising crops, running a vertical plant factory or conserving germplasm. Universities, agricultural research centres, breeding companies, gene banks and government agencies in Saudi Arabia rely on these rooms for work that outdoor fields cannot deliver consistently, especially under the Kingdom's hot, dry climate. EnmaTech supplies, installs and supports the rooms and helps define the layout and building systems.

Plant Growth Room Types

Walk-in Plant Growth Room

Walk-in Plant Growth Room

A general walk-in room for growing whole plants at controlled temperature, humidity and light. It is well suited to physiology experiments, variety evaluation, pot trials and teaching, where many plants need uniform conditions that can be reproduced season after season.

  • Temperature10–40 °C
  • Humidity45–90 % RH
  • Light0–30,000 lx
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Seed Germination Room

Seed Germination Room

A dedicated room for germination tests and seed vigour studies at a larger scale than a cabinet incubator allows. Seed laboratories, gene banks and breeding programmes run many replicates here at steady temperature and humidity, with moderate light for species that need it to germinate.

  • Temperature10–30 °C
  • Humidity50–90 % RH
  • Light0–5,000 lx
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Speed Breeding Room

Speed Breeding Room

This room shortens the interval between generations through long photoperiods, high light intensity and optimised temperature. Breeders use it to take wheat, barley, legumes and other crops through several generations each year, speeding up line fixation and variety release.

  • Temperature10–35 °C
  • Humidity≥ 80 % RH
  • Light0–30,000 lx
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Seedling Nursery Growth Room

Seedling Nursery Growth Room

A nursery room that produces uniform, healthy seedlings and transplants under controlled conditions. It serves vegetable and fruit nurseries, forestry and afforestation projects and research teams that need consistent planting material regardless of outdoor heat or cold.

  • Temperature10–30 °C
  • Humidity50–90 % RH
  • Light0–15,000 lx
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Insect Rearing & Entomology Room

Insect Rearing & Entomology Room

A room for rearing insects and studying their biology at set temperature, humidity and photoperiod. Entomology laboratories use it to keep colonies of pests and beneficial species, mass-produce natural enemies for biological control and test pest behaviour and development.

  • Temperature15–30 °C
  • Humidity45–85 % RH
  • Light0–10,000 lx
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Stress Simulation Research Room

Stress Simulation Research Room

This room recreates extreme conditions, from hard frost to intense heat, so researchers can measure how crops cope with abiotic stress. It supports screening for heat, cold and drought tolerance, a key need when breeding varieties for harsh and changing climates such as Saudi Arabia's.

  • Temperature−18 to 45 °C
  • Humidity30–90 % RH
  • LightCustomizable
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Controlled Environment Climate Room

Controlled Environment Climate Room

A flexible climate room with wide temperature ranges, humidity up to saturation and strong lighting. It fits institutions that run different experiments one after another, such as climate simulation, plant–environment interaction studies and trials that mimic conditions in other regions.

  • Temperature15–40 °C
  • Humidity40–100 % RH
  • Light0–30,000 lx
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Plant Tissue Culture Room

Plant Tissue Culture Room

A clean growth room for in-vitro cultures of plant cells, tissues and plantlets held in jars and tubes. Micropropagation laboratories and research centres use it to multiply disease-free planting material, conserve rare species and support date palm, banana and potato propagation.

  • Temperature4–35 °C
  • HumidityNot specified
  • Light0–2,000 lx
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Vernalization / Cold Treatment Room

Vernalization / Cold Treatment Room

A cold room that gives certain crops the chilling period they need before flowering, and applies controlled cold treatment to seed, bulbs and planting material. It supports research on winter cereals, temperate fruit, bulbs and vegetables, as well as pre-treatment ahead of planting or trials.

  • Temperature−1 to 10 °C
  • Humidity40–95 % RH
  • LightNot required
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Plant Pathology Research Room

Plant Pathology Research Room

A room for investigating plant diseases under controlled conditions, including the high humidity that encourages infection. Plant pathology and protection laboratories use it to inoculate plants, screen varieties for resistance and evaluate fungicides and biological control agents.

  • Temperature15–40 °C
  • Humidity40–100 % RH
  • Light0–20,000 lx
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Indoor Vertical Plant Factory

Indoor Vertical Plant Factory

A multi-tier indoor farm that grows leafy greens, herbs, seedlings and research crops under artificial light without soil. It suits demonstration farms, universities and food security projects in arid regions like Saudi Arabia, producing all year while using water and space efficiently.

  • Temperature0–45 °C
  • Humidity35–95 % RH
  • Light0–20,000 lx
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Germplasm Conservation & Storage Facility

Germplasm Conservation & Storage Facility

A cold, dry store that keeps seed collections and genetic resources viable over the long term. Gene banks, breeding programmes and national biodiversity bodies use it to maintain base and active collections for many years, protecting local varieties and wild relatives.

  • Temperature−20 °C
  • Humidity≤ 45 % RH
  • LightNot required
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Building Systems

Every parameter can be tailored to your research programme.

Enclosure & Thermal Insulation

A carbon steel shell built to size, with stainless steel panels and a polyurethane insulation core, isolates the room from outside temperature and humidity changes and offers high flame retardancy and compressive strength.

Vertical Growing Racks

Corrosion-resistant racks and plant trays sized to the room, with adjustable shelf heights and separately adjustable lighting on each shelf. A mobile platform makes phenotyping and plant handling easier.

Illumination Control

Light levels from 0 to 100,000 lux from suspended high-intensity LED grow lights, flat grow panels or custom light sources, with multispectral tuning so the spectrum matches each crop and growth stage.

Temperature & Humidity Control

Temperature control from 5 to 40 °C, with cooling available down to −20 °C, and humidity from 50 to 95 % RH. Stability is ±1 °C and ±7–10 % RH, with 0 to 99 programmable cycles.

Air Circulation

Internal circulation, ducted airflow, rack air ports and air curtains between zones spread temperature, humidity and air evenly, eliminating micro-climate differences between growing areas.

Irrigation & Nutrient Supply

Optional automatic irrigation and nutrient mixing for hydroponic, aeroponic and substrate cultivation, with online pH and EC monitoring of the nutrient solution and real-time solution preparation.

Plant Phenotyping & AI Monitoring

Optional AI-assisted RGB or multispectral imaging follows seed germination, seedling growth, leaf colour and chlorophyll, plant shape and stress responses without damaging plants, across treatments and genotypes.

Gas (CO2) Control

Controlled fresh air exchange regulates the room's CO2 level, with air drawn in at the bottom and exhausted at the top for efficient airflow and steady gas conditions throughout experiments.

Central Control Software

A PLC controller with a PC interface brings every system onto one platform, offering programmable climate settings, remote access and control, automatic alerts, power and surge protection, research data management and round-the-clock operation.

Even conditions throughout the room

Internal circulation, ducted airflow and rack ports keep temperature and humidity consistent on every shelf, so a plant's position does not skew the results.

Programmable daily and seasonal cycles

Temperature, humidity and light follow programmed cycles, so researchers can recreate day-night patterns, seasons or stress events and repeat them precisely in later trials.

Phenotyping based on data

Optional imaging records germination, seedling growth, leaf colour and plant structure without harming plants, giving objective, time-stamped measurements across treatments and genotypes.

Protection for long-term research

Round-the-clock operation, automatic alerts, remote access and power protection keep plants and stored material safe through nights, weekends, holidays and power disturbances.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do we choose the right room type?

Begin with your main protocol. Germination and nursery rooms cover early growth, speed breeding rooms handle generation advance, stress rooms are for heat and frost studies, and germplasm facilities provide cold, dry storage. Many institutions combine two or three types.

Can a single room serve several research programmes?

Yes, up to a point. A controlled environment climate room with wide temperature, humidity and light ranges can host different trials one after another. When trials must run at the same time, separate rooms or partitioned zones are the more practical option.

How should the site be prepared?

The room requires a level floor, a sufficient electrical supply, space around the enclosure for the condensing units and, if irrigation is included, a water supply and drainage. EnmaTech reviews the site with you before the layout is finalised.

Specify your plant growth room

Send us your crops, protocols, target climate ranges and floor plan. EnmaTech will recommend the right room type and systems and prepare a quotation.